The grid operator is headquartered in Arkansas and serves 14 states in the Midwest and West. By 2050, SPP will need 20 GW to 48 GW of new wind generation and 42 GW to 130 GW of
By 2050, SPP is projected to generate up to 90% of its annual energy from renewable resources—demonstrating that high clean energy penetration is both technically feasible and
The model has high levels of regional granularity, with detailed representations of existing energy infrastructure (e.g., power plants, refineries, biorefineries, demand-side equipment stocks) and
Gross demand minus wind and solar generation, which allows us to assess the highest demand hours where wind and solar output is the lowest. This is the standard new wind and solar resources should
The Southwest Power Pool (SPP) – serving all or part of 14 states from Texas to North Dakota – will need as much as $263 billion in new generation and transmission through 2050 to
The Brattle team simulated optimal generation and transmission expansion over the next 25 years (through 2050) while considering various reliability challenges, such as during extreme
In the three scenarios with high carbon-free generation, SPP would reach about 90% renewable generation by 2050, about equally split between wind and solar generation. SPP already
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